The guidelines for resuscitation and emergency care in Japan conformed to the Consensus on Science and Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) which is revised every five years by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR). Recently, according to the CoSTR 2015 published in 2015, the Japan Resuscitation Council (JRC) formulated JRC Resuscitation Guideline 2015. After 2015, ILCOR has changed the policy to continue evaluating the evidence and formulating guidelines by the GRADE system on each topic and to release the completed CoSTR sequentially. In 2017, ILCOR published the CoSTR 2017 update about dispatch assisted compression-only CPR, bystander compression-only CPR, EMS-delivered CPR, in-hospital CPR, chest compression ventilation ratio (adults), bystander CPR for pediatric OHCA. Researches from Utstein Statistics by the Fire and Disaster Management Agency of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Utstein Osaka study, SOS-KANTO, SAVE-J, etc. has been internationally spread from Japan, and they have been adopted as the evidence on CoSTR so far. In this plenary session, I would like to share the knowledge about research trends that will affect the next CoSTR which guidelines around the world should follow.