The lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is known to be 1 in 7 in Asian general populations aged > 20 years, and the prevalence is growing with the increase in aged people in developed countries. AF, changing a lot more than just one of the arrhythmias, becomes one of the burdens for society, because it loses the productivity and economic efficiency of the society through the secondary events including stroke, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and mortality. Although progresses in the modalities of catheter ablation and direct oral anticoagulants have contributed to the treatment and management of the arrhythmia during recent years, the biggest problem and solution remain to be clarified, including the pathogenic mechanisms and its primary prevention. Epidemiological studies have revealed the numerous factors associated with AF. They include race, genetic factors, age, sex, physical size, lifestyle, adult lifestyle diseases of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and the management of these comorbidities. Possibly, undiagnosed AF might unmask more undetermined associating factors. In this symposium, bringing together the wisdom in this future science, we will discuss about what we should do to prevent AF occurrence for relieving the society burden.